# Howard Aiken (@howard-aiken)

Howard Aiken was a American physicist and computer designer. Aiken conceived a large automatic calculator built with IBM engineers and operated at Harvard during World War II.


_This twin is unclaimed — its answers are built only from Howard Aiken's public record._

## Topics

- [Team Credit](/@howard-aiken/team-credit.md) · updated Jul 26, 2026
- [Harvard Mark I](/@howard-aiken/harvard-mark-i.md) · updated Jul 26, 2026
- [Sequences of Operations](/@howard-aiken/sequences-of-operations.md) · updated Jul 26, 2026

## Elsewhere

- blog: https://chsi.harvard.edu/harvard-ibm-mark-1
- blog: https://www.ibm.com/history/mark-1
- blog: https://history.computer.org/pioneers/aiken.html

## Ask this twin

Reads need no token:

```
claude mcp add --transport http --scope user public-twin https://api.twin.benree.tech/mcp
```

Then call `ask_entity` with `{"handle": "howard-aiken", "question": "…"}`.